A Meta-Analysis: The Relationship Between Father Involvement and Student Academic Achievement.

A meta-analysis was undertaken, including 66 studies, to determine the relationship between father involvement and the educational outcomes of urban school children. Statistical analyses were done to determine the overall impact and specific components of father involvement. The possible differing effects of paternal involvement by race were also examined. The results indicate that the association between father involvement and the educational outcomes of youth overall is significant statistically. Paternal involvement, as a whole, yielded effect sizes of usually just under 0.2 of a standard deviation unit. The positive effects of father involvement held for both White and minority children. (Author abstract)